Systematic Uncertainties in Stellar Mass Estimation for Distinct Galaxy Populations

We show that different stellar mass estimation methods yield overall mass scales that disagree by factors up to ∼2 for the galaxy population and, more importantly, relative mass scales that sometimes disagree by z p 0 factors 3 between distinct classes of galaxies (spiral/irregular types, classical E/S0s, and E/S0s whose colors reflect recent star formation). This comparison considers stellar mass estimates based on (1) two different calibrations of the correlation between K-band mass-to-light ratio and color and (2) detailed fitting of UBRJHK B R photometry and optical spectrophotometry using two different population synthesis models (Bruzual-Charlot and Maraston), with the same initial mass function in all cases. We also compare stellar gas masses with dynamical masses. This analysis offers only weak arguments for preferring a particular stellar mass estimation method, given the plausibility of real variations in dynamical properties and dark matter content. These results help to calibrate the systematic uncertainties inherent in mass-based evolutionary studies of galaxies, including comparisons of lowand high-redshift galaxies. Subject heading: galaxies: evolution